Public Protector

General information

The Public Protector is appointed by the President, on the recommendation of the National Assembly, in terms of Chapter Nine of the Constitution, 1996. The Public Protector is required to be a South African citizen who is suitably qualified and experienced and has exhibited a reputation for honesty and integrity. The Constitution also prescribes the powers and duties of the Public Protector: Further powers, duties and the execution thereof are regulated by the Public Protector Act.

Section 181 of the Constitution ensures that the Public Protector shall be subject only to the Constitution and the law. He/she must be impartial and must exercise his/her powers and perform his/her functions without ‘fear; favour or prejudice’. No person or organ of state may interfere with the functioning of the Public Protector’s office.

The Public Protector has the power to investigate any conduct in state affairs, or in the public administration in any sphere of government, that is alleged or suspected to be improper or to result in any impropriety or prejudice.

Following such an investigation the Public Protector has to report on the conduct concerned and he/she can take appropriate remedial action. Additional powers and functions are provided for by the Public Protector Act, 1994. The Public Protector may not investigate court decisions. He/she must be accessible to all persons and communities. Other organs of state must assist and protect the institution to ensure its independence, impartiality, dignity and effectiveness.

The Public Protector is neither an advocate for the complainant nor for the public authority concerned. He/she ascertains the facts of the case and reaches an impartial and independent conclusion on the merits of the complaint.